The stepup transformer has 7 turns on the primary and 14 on the secondary. Theoretically, we can operate any transformer as step up as well as step down type. This seminar research presents a study on transformer installation, operation and maintenance. Distribution transformer transformers up to 200kva are used to step down distribution voltage to a standard service voltage or from transmission voltage to distribution voltage are known as distribution transformers. That is the reason why it can work as a voltage step up or step down transformer. Transformer operates when both circuits take effect of mutual induction.
There are two types of transformers classified by their function. The most important application of stepup transformer is a generator stepup gsu transformer used in all generating plants. Difference between stepup and stepdown transformer. The step up transformer output is given to a high tension transmission line which transports the powerelectricity over the miles.
Step up transformers, secondary transformers, pulsating transformers, auto transformer. What is the difference between winding construction of step. Connecting a step up transformer between the generator and a transmission line allows the creation of a practical design voltage for the generator and at the same time an effective transmission line voltage. Threephase transformer construction a three phase transformer is used to transfer a large amount of power. Transformers step down transformers if the first coil has more turns that the second coil, the secondary voltage is smaller than the primary voltage. The transformer can step up or step down signal voltage. Construction of step up transformers include the building up of the winding, the enclosures and other accessories along with the core of the transformer.
When an old singlephase transformer fails, it is often replaced with a new singlephase transformer. A transformer is an electrical apparatus designed to convert alternating current from one voltage to another. The core of the transformer is made up of silicon steel in order to provide the continuous magnetic path. Then we can say that primary power equals secondary power, p p p s. When a digital project has to work with ac mains a transformer is used to step down the voltage in. Basically, a transformer is made up of two parts which include. Another construction solution for voltages above 123 kv and for high values of rated power is the dissociated phases transformer, formed by three singlephase transformers. If one voltage and the turns ratio are known, the other volt age can be determined with equations 14. Design and construction of 2kva step up transformer with. Accordingly in two cases you get as step up or step down transformer design.
The transformer can increase or decrease the voltage with a corresponding decrease or i. The transformer mainly consists of the magnetic circuit, electric circuit, dielectric circuit, tanks and accessories. Basics, maintenance, and diagnostics vii contents continued page 4. This video gives a detailed animated illustration on the working of electrical transformers. Transformer can increase or decrease the voltage with corresponding decrease or increase in current. The core, which makes a path for the magnetic flux. If the second coil has half as many turns as the first coil, the secondary voltage will be half the size of the. The transformer the principle parts of a transformer and their functions are. The operation principle of the singlephase transformer is. Jun 20, 2019 in this tutorial, we will see a brief introduction to transformers. They are kept in operation all the 24 hours a day whether they are carrying any load or not. The three phase transformer is required to step up and step down the voltages at various stages of a power system network.
Apr 06, 2020 the transformer can transfer energy in both directions, from hv to lv side as well as inversely. As far as the design of the transformer is concerned,there are mainly two types of transformers. Explain how the construction of a stepdown transformer di. Jan 10, 2017 get cbse class 12 physics notes on alternating current part 3. Ei core laminated transformer construction is mostly used in isolation transformers, step up and step down transformers as well as auto transformers. For a functionally identical new transformer, losses, weight and dimensions are often much lower than those of the old transformer. A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Transformer basicsworking principle,construction,types.
The step up step down effect of coil turn ratios in a transformer is analogous to gear tooth ratios in mechanical gear systems, transforming values of speed and torque in much the same way. It step up or step down the voltage level from one circuit to another at almost constant power. Transformer winding arrangements transformer windings form another important part of a transformer construction, because they are the main currentcarrying conductors wound around the laminated. Abstract transformer is one of the indispensable devices mostly in electric power transmission, transformer step down or step up, the output voltagecurrent to the design requirement. Cbse class 12 physics chapter wise notes of ac, transformer. The transformer has no direct connection between the primary and secondary windings, the electrical energy transferred using electromagnetic induction. Those transformers usually have large turns ratio values. Jan 02, 2019 depending on the electrical network where the transformer is installed, there are two transformer types, threephase transformers and single phase transformers. A step up transformer is a device which converts the low primary voltage to a high secondary voltage i.
Thus, when a transformer steps up a voltage, it stepsdown the current and viceversa, so that the output power is always at the same value as the input power. Sep 16, 2017 a transformer is a static apparatus, with no moving parts, which transforms electrical power from one circuit to another with changes in voltage and current and no change in frequency. The voltage value produced in energy generation is increased and prepared for the longdistance energy transmission. Get cbse class 12 physics notes on alternating current part 3. Torque reducing gear train steps torque down, while stepping speed up. The primary coil, which receives energy from the ac source. Transformer cant stepup or stepdown the level of dc voltage or dc current. Although the transformer can step up or step down voltage, it cannot step up power. The difference between the ground potential rise and the surface potential at the point where the person is standing while at the same time having a hand in contact with a grounded structure. The transfer has more turns of wire on the primary coil as compared to the turns on the secondary coil. In this part we will study various concepts related to transformer, efficiency of transformer etc. Working principle, construction and types of transformer. A step down transformer on the other hand, steps down the input voltage i.
The two windings of the transformer are called high voltage winding and low voltage winding. Below is the detailed procedure of building of the step up transformer. The main elements of the transformer are the primary and secondary windings and the steel core. Transformer construction a transformer consists of two windings coupled through a magnetic medium. The concept of a step down transformer is actually quite simple. Jul 19, 2016 this demonstration explains the construction and functions of various parts in a three phase transformer visually. In case of, the transformer is called a stepup transformer, whereas for, the transformer is called a stepdown transformer. Transformer construction and transformer core design. Lower i means less power loss due to i2r losses in lines, cables, transformers, etc generator step up transformer i v step down transformer v i three phase transformers 3 singlephase units can form 3phase bank or. Transformers are most commonly used for increasing low ac voltages at high current a step up transformer or decreasing high ac voltages at low current a step down transformer in electric power applications, and for coupling the stages of signal processing circuits. A transformer has no moving parts and is a completely.
The three phase transformer is constructed in two ways. With step down transformers connected between the transmission line and the various electrical loads. The coils are insulated from each other and also insulated to prevent contact with the core. A centretapped transformer also known as two phase three wire transformer is normally used for rectifier circuits. Both transformer types have the same design and construction. Hence, currents are in the inverse ratio of the voltage transformation ratio.
The secondary coil, which receives energy from the primary winding and delivers it to the load. Once this power reaches its consumption point end sub station, then with the help of step down transformer, it is reduced to the desired value i. Here the basic working principle and construction of transformer, stepup transformer, stepdown. In case of a step up transformer, the primary coil winding is the low voltage winding, the number of turns of the windings of the secondary is more than that of the primary. Introduction to transformers construction, working. Transformers can also be used for isolation, where the voltage in equals the. Again for an ideal transformer, input v a output v a. Transformer only stepup or stepdown the level of ac voltage or ac current. Transformer is an electromagnetic device that transfers electric power from one circuit to another at a constant frequency. It can be designed to step up or step down voltages and works on the magnetic induction principle.
A transformer is one of the most common devices found in electrical system that links the. Projects on transformer, distribution transformer, electrical transformer, current transformers, distribution transformers repairs, transformer oil, voltage. As, voltage transformation take place at a constant power, there is a change in circuit current. We will learn what is an electric transformer, the construction of a transformer, its working principle, classifications of transformers, losses and efficiency and some applications. Jan 29, 2018 an electrical transformer is a static electrical machine which transforms electrical power from one circuit to another circuit, without changing the frequency.
The construction of the transformer will thus be examined under the coil and core construction. Electrical transformer is a static electrical machine which transforms electrical power from one circuit to another circuit, without changing the frequency. Step up transformer working, construction, applications. Model around small power transformers, with up to 63 mva and up to. Means less no of turns on primary and more on secondary gives us step up voltage transformer and viceversa voltage per turn is same in both the winding. In case of, the transformer is called a step up transformer, whereas for, the transformer is called a step down transformer. Difference between step up and step down transformer a transformer is a static device which transfers a. Step down transformer working principle, equation, types. Electrical transformer basic construction, working and.
58 1315 1197 405 1362 505 69 35 13 493 1125 1378 835 720 886 574 376 47 914 1558 466 433 1325 179 1257 44 1253 1210 556 1296 814 148 1422 835 567 288 1050 147 814 644 1257 551 218 1320